How do holograms work?

 Holograms are three-dimensional images that appear to be floating in space. They are created using a laser beam that is split into two beams: the reference beam and the illumination beam. The reference beam is directed onto a photographic plate, while the illumination beam is directed at the object being photographed. When the two beams meet, they create an interference pattern that is recorded on the photographic plate. This pattern contains all the information needed to reconstruct the original object in three dimensions.

There are two types of holograms: transmission holograms and reflection holograms. Transmission holograms create a 3D image when monochromatic light, or light that is all one wavelength, travels through them. Reflection holograms create a 3D image when laser light or white light reflects off of their surface ¹.

When you look at a hologram, you see a permanent record of the light reflected off an object. But a hologram also looks real and three-dimensional and moves as you look around it, just like a real object ¹. If you cut one in half, each half contains whole views of the entire holographic image. The same is true if you cut out a small piece — even a tiny fragment will still contain the whole picture ¹.

I hope this helps!